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Molluscum contagiosum
''Molluscum contagiosum'' (MC) is a viral infection of the skin or occasionally of the mucous membranes, sometimes called water warts. It is caused by a DNA poxvirus called the ''molluscum contagiosum virus'' (MCV). MCV has no nonhuman-animal reservoir (infecting primarily humans, though equids can rarely be infected). The virus that causes molluscum contagiosum is spread from person to person by touching the affected skin. The virus may also be spread by touching a surface with the virus on it, such as a towel, clothing, or toys.
Four types of MCV are known, MCV-1 to -4; MCV-1 is the most prevalent and MCV-2 is seen usually in adults. This common viral disease has a higher incidence in children, sexually active adults, and those who are immunodeficient. Molluscum contagiosum is most common in children aged one to 11 years old.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Frequently Asked Questions: For Everyone. CDC Molluscum Contagiosum )〕 MC can affect any area of the skin, but is most common on the trunk of the body, arms, groin, and legs. Some evidence indicates molluscum infections have been on the rise globally since 1966, but these infections are not routinely monitored because they are seldom serious and routinely disappear without treatment. Molluscum contagiosum is contagious until the bumps are gone. Some growths may remain for up to 4 years if not treated.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention )〕
==Signs and symptoms==
Molluscum contagiosum lesions are flesh-colored, dome-shaped, and pearly in appearance. They are often 1–5 mm in diameter, with a dimpled center. They are generally not painful, but they may itch or become irritated. Picking or scratching the bumps may lead to further infection or scarring. In about 10% of the cases, eczema develops around the lesions. They may occasionally be complicated by secondary bacterial infections. The viral infection is limited to a localized area on the topmost layer of the epidermis. Once the virus-containing head of the lesion has been destroyed, the infection is gone. The central waxy core contains the virus. In a process called autoinoculation, the virus may spread to neighboring skin areas. Children are particularly susceptible to autoinoculation, and may have widespread clusters of lesions.
Individual molluscum lesions may go away on their own and are reported as lasting generally from 6 weeks, to 3 months. The lesions may propagate via autoinoculation, so an outbreak generally lasts longer. Mean durations for an outbreak are variously reported from 8〔 to about 18 months, but durations are reported as widely as 6 months to 5 years, lasting longer in immunosuppressed individuals.〔〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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